Medicaid provides free or low-cost health coverage to eligible low-income adults, children, pregnant women, elderly adults, and people with disabilities. Over 90 million Americans are enrolled in Medicaid, making it the largest health insurance program in the United States.
Medicaid Eligibility and Coverage
Free or very low costUpdated March 2026
Frequently Asked Questions
Who qualifies for Medicaid?
Medicaid eligibility varies by state. In expansion states (40 states + DC), adults under 65 with income up to 138% of the federal poverty level ($20,783/year for individuals, $42,900 for family of 4 in 2026) qualify. Children, pregnant women, elderly, and disabled individuals have different (often higher) income limits.
What does Medicaid cover?
Mandatory Medicaid benefits include: inpatient/outpatient hospital, physician services, lab/X-ray, nursing facility, home health, family planning, and transportation to medical care. Most states also cover: prescription drugs, dental, vision, physical therapy, and mental health services.
How do I apply for Medicaid?
Apply through: your state Medicaid agency, Healthcare.gov (which will redirect to Medicaid if eligible), in person at your local social services office, or by phone. You will need: proof of identity, income documentation, proof of residency, and Social Security number. Most states process applications within 45 days.
Is Medicaid really free?
For most beneficiaries, Medicaid is free. Some states charge small premiums ($10-$30/month) for higher-income enrollees and nominal copayments ($1-$4) for some services. Copays cannot be charged for emergency services, family planning, or children's services.
What is the difference between Medicaid and Medicare?
Medicaid is for low-income individuals (based on income), funded by federal and state governments. Medicare is for people 65+ or with certain disabilities (based on age/disability), funded federally. Some people qualify for both (dual-eligible). Medicaid typically covers more services with lower out-of-pocket costs.